The Leadership of Foxconn free essay sample

The expression of pioneer showed up in 1300, and the expression of authority showed up till 1834. The significance of administration is the capacity of lead. (Charlotte,2002) Leadership is the procedure of equal, value-based and transformational. Over the span of an individual is permitted to impact, motivate others to encourage and accomplish the objective of gatherings and people. Initiative attributes started to concentrate on the pioneers own authority logical examination. All the more explicitly, it appears to recognize the pioneer from the general public to supporters. (Richard rt al.,1996:167) Theorists, researchers and experts frequently have various definitions for administration, along these lines, each have various perspectives on the significance of authority. A few analysts think about administration as a characteristic or as a conduct, other perspective on authority from a point of view or relationship stance. Despite the size of association, administration and the executives are two fundamental components of fruitful organizations. (Gill,2005) In any association, the principle distinction among pioneers and directors is: Leaders can anticipate the future, survey the current HR, material and have an arrangement on modify their achievements. We will compose a custom article test on The Leadership of Foxconn or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Directors don't have to have alleged grandiose beliefs, they just need to design the HR and materials appropriately. Administrators execute the command given by bosses and to finish the work inside the recommended time, for short-run task has supreme official force. Supervisors can carry extraordinary vitality to the group. This following article will right off the bat to look at the distinction of speculations in administration and afterward present the initiative characteristic of the organization. Authority style Dictator pioneers frequently judge as indicated by their own thoughts and settle on decisions, once in a while acknowledge different assessments. Now and again, dictatorial administration is gainful a huge gathering of individuals to settle on choices rapidly. Some errand requires solid initiative to work rapidly and proficiently. Totalitarian administration is useful now and again, however once in a while this authority style may cause issues. For example, a pioneer maltreatment of despotic initiative style is regularly observed to be bossy, control and fascism individual, which may cause hatred among bunch individuals. The Democratic initiative style regularly gives the counsel space to laborers. The individuals from the gathering play an increasingly participative job in the dynamic procedure. The advantage of popularity based initiative is to move the subordinate to calculate the better thoughts and progressively innovative answers for issues. Some expected drawbacks of this sort of authority is that it can prompt correspondence disappointments and inncompleted ventures. Bubby(2011) states the sort of paternalistic pioneer has an incredible connection with their gathering similarly as the relationship with their family. The pioneer offer the subordinate extraordinary working conditions and incidental advantages make the laborer works more enthusiastically and be thankful to the organization. This sort of administration was not appropriate for the full grown workers, it may create hostility and disdain between the subordinates and pioneer as opposed to appreciation. Free enterprise is the authority which pioneers are hands-off and permits bunch individuals to settle on the choices. This sort of the pioneer may have high hazard on their subordinate, the profitability might be low and it might be difficult to settle on a choice. It is just suit the representatives which are talented and have high inspiration on their work. McGregors hypotheses of initiative are partitioned into two models: X administration and Y authority. The hypothesis X depends on dictator the executives. It accept that the representatives are less inspiration and abhorrence working in the hypothesis X. The administration style is found most in assembling organization with an enormous number of laborers. The hypothesis Y expect that the representatives are profoundly energetic and eager on the work. In light of hypothesis Y, individuals at lower levels of the association are engaged with dynamic and have greater duty. Foxconn Terry Gou established Hon Hai Precision Industry Company Ltd, the grapple organization of Hon Hai/Foxconn Technology Group in 1974. Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd., exchanging as Foxconn Technology Group, is a Taiwanese worldwide gadgets contract producing organization headquartered in Tucheng, New Taipei, Taiwan. It is the universes biggest hardware contract maker estimated by incomes. Foxconn is essentially a unique structure maker and its customers included American, European, and Japanese gadgets and data innovation organizations. The organization makes striking item incorporated the iPad, iPhone, iPod, Kindle, PlayStation 3, and Wii U. Foxconn Technology Group is the universes 3C (Computer, Communications Communication, Consumer Electronics Consumer) foundry Regulation Mold biggest global endeavors. (Foxconn, 2013). There are different splendid accomplishments and business visionaries on the planet, Gou is one of the effective organization of them. Hon Hais execution keeps on extending under Guo’s military activity. He isn't just their pioneer yet additionally their good example. He accepts workers are fundamental to the organization. From the get-go in the money related wave, Hon Hai endeavors to grow all the more new business openings, for example, to strived Apple iPhone3G cell phone request when different organizations showed up sluggishness. Gou driving the companys income quickly up in 2009. In such a droop period, the companys business technique and inside seriousness is far higher than different organizations. The organization has a decent pioneer can gain the organization supported ground. Administration with Foxconn Gou states that an effectively ventures should focus on effectiveness, as opposed to majority rule government. Popular government is the most wasteful method of work, vote based system is an air, an inclination, with the goal that we can impart, but†¦, in the quickly developing organization, pioneers ought to be somewhat more overbearing. For ventures, discipline is a higher priority than vote based system. This sort of initiative is among Autocratic and Paternalistic. Due to Gous solid authority, everything goes proficiently as per table drills of the organization. Gou thought about that the official influence is predominantly strain to constrain the organization to rich the organization objective. Gou likewise expecting representatives to work in any event, during the hurricane day. Customary organizations just work 24 hours out of each days, Hon Hai had the option to work 28 hours. When distinction between the U.S. what's more, Taiwan, Hon Hai works 4 a greater number of hours than others. Prize and discipline is his initiative soul. At work, when they acknowledge the consumer’s request, they will complete the work inside the time. The representative will be rebuffed by the organization in the event that they didn't present the items in the cutoff time. Be that as it may, in spite of the military control, they won't parsimonious to disseminate the commission to the workers. As the remarkable execution of the representative, it isn't hard to get share stocks toward the finish of allocated. (Chang, 2005) The administration of Gou’s the executives at long last causes some issue. Foxconn has been associated with a few contentions identifying with how it oversees workers in China. There were a progression of self destruction episodes of the manufactory in Mainland China during the 2010. The primary driver of the occasion brought up that representatives work in a profound weight working condition. It uncovers a colossal downside of the administration. The organization started to concern the issue of the workplace and working hours. In 2012 Apple employed the Fair Labor Association to direct a review of working conditions at Foxconn. After the occasions, FoxConn chose to expand wages, and quit giving remuneration for suicides at the equivalent time.(China Labor Watch, 2011) End To close, Hon Hai presents the standard Autocratic authority and furthermore included the Paternalistic style. This article has presented the administration of Gou, and furthermore well-present the oversaw method of Foxconn. Gous the board makes the organization activity considerably more proficiency than other notable organization. Foxconn took out different contenders and win the opportunity to take the request which other organization likewise needed. Gous specific administration will consistently lead Hon Hai to a higher position. So as to lead the way to progress, a pioneer should completely comprehend its strategic undertakings. To put it plainly, initiative is the fundamental key to fruitful of an organization. References Charlotte,L. (2002) Oxford Dictionary: Oxford University Press Richard, M., Lyman, W.P., Gregory, A.B.,(1996) Motivation and Leadership at Work: McGraw-Hill Bubby D(2011) Management An Introduction fifth ed :Harlow Financial Times Prentice Hall Gill N,Managing and Leading People :Chartered Institude of Personnel and Development,2005 2013 HON HAI PRECISION IND.CO.,LTD http://www.foxconn.com.tw/2013é' »Ã¦ µ ·Ã§ ² ¾Ã¥ ¯â€ Ã¥ · ¥Ã¦ ¥ ­(è‚ ¡)å… ¬Ã¥  ¸http://www.foxconn.com.tw/ Profession Consulting Co. LTD @2005, LEADERSHIP The Competent initiative philosophy2 http://media.career.com.tw/Careerbook/magshort.asp?CA_NO=329p074 Ã¥ ° ±Ã¦ ¥ ­Ã¦Æ'… Ã¥ ±Ã¨ ³â€¡Ã¨ ¨Å¡Ã¨â€š ¡Ã¤ » ½Ã¦Å"䎪 Ã¥â€¦ ¬Ã¥  ¸Copyright @2005 ,LEADERSHIPä ¸ »Ã§ ® ¡Ã© ˜å °Å½Ã¥ ²Ã¥ ­ ¸2http://media.career.com.tw/Careerbook/magshort.asp?CA_NO=329p074 Yi, C., Wen, C., Fang, L.,(2005) The 50million Legendary of Ho Hai †The Empire of Gou: Common Wealth Ã¥ ¼ µÃ¦Ë†Å"è ª ¼,Ã¥ ¼ µÃ¦ ® ¿Ã¦â€"‡,ç› §Ã¦â„¢ ºÃ¨Å¡ ³/è'â€" , ä ºÃ¥ Æ'å„„å‚ ³Ã¥ ¥â€¡Ã¯ ¼ Ã©Æ' ­Ã¥  °Ã©Å¡ËœÃ§Å¡â€žÃ©' »Ã¦ µ ·Ã¥ ¸ Ã¥Å"‹ (å… ¸Ã¨â€" Ã§â€°Ë†): Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¤ ¸â€¹Ã©â€ºÅ"è ªÅ" Explanations on Foxconn’s Decision to Increase Wages and to Stop Suicide Compensation-Electronics : China Labor Watch(2011) http://www.chinalaborwatch.org/star/proshow-95.html

Communication Research and Advertising Essay

1 MAIN ISSUE Content investigation of various imaginative ideas and their qualities applied in eight chose ads found in two distributions †week after week magazines †Drum and You of July 11, 2013. 1.1Main issue measures Innovative ideas applied in the commercial will assume an important job whether the crusade succeeds or not. Pictures, content and subtitles are nevertheless a portion of the couple of things that are utilized to structure the ad. In different cases, publicists utilize one of a kind result lines which empower them to be better than the rest. 1.1.1Nature of research The examination approach is both subjective and quantitative. The utilization of story information on the investigation provoked the selection of subjective methodology. The quantitative methodology came because of an information that was tallied and numerically estimated. 1.1.2Time measurement The idea of the exploration is cross-sectional. The examination is led using July 11, 2013 releases of Drum and You. Both are week after week magazines. Subsequently look into discoveries are restricted to the previously mentioned period. 1.1.3Action Exploratory and spellbinding examinations are utilized to decide qualities of inventive ideas utilized in chosen ads for the exploration venture. see more:pta meeting story report 1.1.4Issue The current issue is to take a gander at inventive ideas utilized by different sponsors from the chose promotions distributed in the July 11, 2013 versions of Drum and You. 1.1.5Method A substance examination of two distributions †Drum and You †and limited time messages helped through the utilization eight chose ads. 2RESEARCH CRITERIA Each examination directed needs to meet research rules. It must be pertinent, researchable, financially savvy and ought not abuse satisfactory moral gauges. 2.1Relevance Drum and You structure some portion of the print media which stay indispensable segment of mass correspondence. Publicists likewise utilized these stages to contact the objective market. Because of that, the exploration issue is pertinent and meets the models for correspondence look into. 2.2Researchability Each paper and magazine conveys different commercials. Promoters pay for the space booked in the distribution. The investigation will in this manner be effectively directed because of the developing number of organizations that utilized these stages to advance their merchandise and ventures. Each commercial has atleast an inventive idea. 2.3Feasibility Drum and You have been promptly accessible. There were other every day and week by week papers to browse. The equivalent goes about magazines; there were week by week and month to month magazines which were accessible at a sensible expense. One has picked these two distributions as they were at that point in the assortment. They structure some portion of researcher’s customary week by week and month to month read. Choice to pick the two distributions was by one way or another impact by the substance they offer. The other one conveys ladies issues while the following one is for soccer lovers. 2.4Ethical agreeableness Promotions utilized will be recognized in the ‘sources consulted’ segment. A similar will apply about distributions that conveyed them, Drum and You. 3EXTENT Two distributions have been decided to lead the exploration; they are July 11, 2013 releases of Drum and You †both are week by week magazines. The examination investigations inventive ideas applied in the ads. 3.1Brief foundation of the distributions It is basic to think about the distributions utilized for the examination. In this examination we utilize mainstream week by week distributions. 3.1.1Drum Drum is a family magazine for the most part focused on dark perusers and contains advertise news, diversion and highlight articles. It was built up in 1951 as â€Å"African Drum† by previous test cricketer and creator Bob Crisp and Jim Bailey. In 2005 Drum was depicted as the main dark way of life magazine in Africa. Drum’s prime during the 1950s fell between the Defiance Campaign and the disaster at Sharpeville. This was the time of potential Black development, the decade when the Freedom Charter was composed. The point was to advance an equivalent society. The Nationalist government reacted with politically-sanctioned racial segregation crackdowns and treachery preliminaries. Drum was a â€Å"record of naivety, positive thinking, dissatisfaction, disobedience, mental fortitude, moving, drink, jazz, criminals, banish and death†. The magazine portrayed the universe of the urban Black; the way of life, the shading, dreams, aspirations, expectations and battles. Th e foundation of the magazine was wrongdoing, analytical revealing, sex (particularly if over the shading line) and game. This was fleshed out by innovative photography. The recipe worked and made for enthusiastic perusing. Each issue of Drum was perused by up to nine individuals, went from hand to hand in the city, in the clubs or on the trains. It turned into an image of Black urban life. Around 240000 duplicates were conveyed every month across Africa. This was more than some other African magazine. 3.1.2You You is a South African family magazine which is focused on demographically various South African English-talking perusers of various ethnicities with inclusion on recent developments and â€Å"interesting people†. It has two sister magazines: Huisgenoot (focused on White and Colored Afrikaans-talking perusers) and Drum. The You magazine was propelled in 1987 by Nasionale Pers, which later became Media24. You is distributed in Cape Town. The distribution covers human intrigue articles, big name news, both nearby and universal current undertakings. 3.2Geographical limit The examination will be directed in Bloemfontein, Free State. The specialist is situated in the Free State capital thus the explanation behind the investigation to be led in the territory. 3.3Nature of the time measurement This is a cross-sectional examination which will be directed using Drum and You †July 11, 2013 versions. Drum has assortment of promotions focusing on general society, from body salves to extravagance vehicles. You then again had ads, for example, training, men’s wellbeing advancements and cellphones. The investigation will be led among July and September 2013. 3.3.1Motivation for decision of time The two duplicates of Drum and You have been bought half a month after one has enrolled for the course †Communication Research (COM3706). Notices which met essential prerequisites for the task were promptly accessible. This is the primary motivation behind why the decision of time is pertinent to seek after the examination. 4POPULATION As indicated by Van Rensburg (2010:150) a populace can be characterized as the whole gathering of people or set of items and occasions the specialist needs to consider. 4.1Target populace As per Du Plooy, GM (2009:109) target populace is the real populace to which the investigation is utilized to sum up results. The populace for the examination must be all the papers and magazines from which different promotions were investigated before a ultimate choice was taken by the specialist. In the end two distributions †Drum and You †were recognized. Four ads have been chosen from every distribution. The two duplicates have conveyed numerous different commercials yet the assignment’s prerequisite is to choose only four of them from a duplicate. The scientist has experienced week after week and end of the week papers. They included Sowetan, Daily Sun, The Citizen, The New Age, Mail and Guardian, City Press and Sunday Times. Then again magazines included KickOff, Move, Real, Soul, True Love, Drum and You. 4.2Accessible populace In such manner, the available populace is the distributions from which the example will be drawn for the examination. Drum and You are helpfully accessible for the specialist to distinguish ads that will be dissected for look into purposes. 4.3Population qualities Commercials involve different imaginative ideas to understand the importance and messages passed on to the objective market. Subsequently different populace parameters have been utilized to accomplish advertisers’ objective with the distributed advancement. In the investigation, we have perceived how pictures, punchy features, very much structured writings, among others, were utilized to draft diverse inventive ideas. The following is the rundown of four populace attributes that one announced about in the examination discoveries. âÅ" Color codes applied âÅ" Headline âÅ" Photographs âÅ" Body duplicate âÅ" Text visuals 4.4Units of investigation The littlest units that were dissected for the examination, among others, incorporate very much planned writings to separate certain items from that of their rivals. Photos of the promoted items were additionally appended. In Drum, DSTV, Rajah, Playtex and Edgars promotions have been recognized for the examination. Then again, in You the scientist has recognized promotions of Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC), Samsung, Dermalex and Regal Pet Health. Different eye-catchers have been applied in the promotions utilized for the examination. Subheadings were punchy, however we can't affirm in the event that they were to be sure true. Features and pictures appeared to supplement one another. Up until now, headings that guaranteed clients advantage seemed to work the best. One has dissected pictures and designs utilized, mottos, content applied, incorporating features utilized in the commercial. The previously mentioned components structure a spine in understanding imaginative ideas. 5ASSUMPTIONS Unmentionables architects utilize youthful, excellent women in their special battles to drive the message home that their underwears will make them look staggering and vigorous. Promoters use mottos to grab the eye of buyers and in this manner guaranteeing that they effectively review their items. What's more, more critically, they had the option to separate them from those of their rivals. Intensification inventive idea turns into an absolute necessity when sponsors advance costly merchandise, for example, vehicles. Brand names are rehashed more than once in the promotions and this is done using all around planned writings, l

How to Find Essay Samples to Use For Cited Sources

How to Find Essay Samples to Use For Cited SourcesIf you want to cite your sources properly, how to find essay samples to use for cited sources can be one of the biggest obstacles to overcome. You might be successful at using a quote and getting it placed in the body of your own work, but where do you go from there? How do you go about finding academic citations that are free to download and even freely distributed?You can just use quotations or an essay or two and submit them. Most article submission sites will allow this, and if you are not sure of your material then you can simply wait until the submission deadline to see what is available. Also, many sites will allow you to create links to these essays as well.On the other hand, if you are attempting to cite sources then how to find essay samples to use for cited sources will be more of a problem. If you have a large number of these, or you are working with something written by a colleague, you are going to run into problems. Oft en, the sources that you want to use require attribution. Sometimes you can use a similar style to the source of your own source, but often, if you want to use this, you are going to need to create a brand new essay that uses the same sources.The second option is to pay for a source of your sources. This is when it gets tricky, and most sites that offer these don't offer these sources for free. Once again, the best option is to use another site and place the essay on another site, this time with an original resource attached.The third option is to place all of your research papers on the same site so that they can be linked to each other, and to help in this process, you should look around at different sites that offer the same services, and compare prices and packages before committing to one service. Also, you might try signing up for several services and comparing the quality of each.Some people will insist on putting the key term in their quotes, this is usually not a good idea. Another option is to use headers such as 'Original Source: Louise Bourgeois'Copy-edited by Alice Hertz'. While this isn't necessarily an original work, it can still help get your work past reviewers.What about using a quote or essay that is already copyrighted? This may be the case if you are using a material that was prepared by another, or if you are copying an essay that is copyrighted. You might want to find out first though, and if it is copyrighted, or if you need to find someone who has previously prepared this, you can find many sites that offer copyright information.Finding the source that you need to use for cited sources is not impossible, but you will need to know the right places to look. Make sure you also are able to find the essay sample you want before you start searching. The best part about it is that many of these are free, so if you are using these for your own research paper or research for school, then you can get exactly what you need.

Discipline and Students with Disabilities Essay - 906 Words

Public Law 94-142: The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, now called Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), requires states to provide free, appropriate public education (FAPE) for every child regardless of disability. This federal law was the first to clearly define the rights of disabled children to receive special education services if their disability affects their educational performance. A parent of a special education student also has basic rights under IDEA including the right to have their child evaluated by the school district and to be included when the school district meets about the child or makes decisions about his or her education. If a child is identified as in need of special education†¦show more content†¦If these students were placed in a regular classroom, they were often functionally excluded, when no support was provided for the child or the teacher. In addition, many students were misclassified following inaccurate assess ment, placement or tracking. These past practices have been deemed in violation of a student’s constitutional rights. As a result, IDEA now requires that the educational program that is developed by the IEP team provide the child with opportunities in the least restrictive environment (LRE). LRE is the most normal setting that is possible for the student. The team should take several things into consideration when making this determination. First, they must compare the benefits in the regular class and the benefits in the special class. The U.S. Court of Appeals determined that the appropriateness of placement in the regular classroom is not dependent on the student’s ability to learn the same things the other students learn in the regular classroom. The benefit of social interaction should also be taken into account. Second, consideration should be given to the potentially beneficial or harmful effects that placement in the regular classroom may have on the students i nvolved. Finally, cost should be considered when determining the appropriateness of student placement. On occasion, a parent may disagree with the school district’s identification orShow MoreRelatedDiscipline in High School and Elementary Education Essay1209 Words   |  5 Pages Discipline in High School and Elementary Education Grand Canyon University: SPE-350 January 10, 2014 When it comes to special education, discipline is a major concern in this area because many students are incessantly being expelled for their behavior issues that are caused by their disabilities. 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Military Leader Assessment and Development - 1450 Words

Today’s military leadership was defined and cultured through revolutions, civil war, conflicts, and currently a combat era lasting almost ten years. Through recent leadership development changes brought on by former Secretary of the Army, Dr. Francis Harvey, the military has become an entity trying to keep ahead of the incessant derogatory diversions to the honorable way of life impeding military leadership everyday. Disregard for human life, loss of the moral compass, innuendo, and complacency have caused the hierarchy to struggle with the leadership model that has formed the civilian populace and ultimately, the future leaders of the military. The leadership model from FM 6-0 serves to guide and provide a basis for thinking and†¦show more content†¦Building family readiness groups, singles opportunities, diversity courses, training on â€Å"Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell and involving the Chaplain Corps has, and continues, to build a stronger military. This allows for a better transition into a civilian position upon leaving the military. Additionally, it allows for a well-rounded leader to the betterment of the organization. The current Warrior Ethos was authorized by former Army Chief of Staff, Eric K. Shinseki and written (in part) by SFC Matt Larsen, USMC and US Army. (Washington Post, 2003) It encompasses all thoughts and ideals of a service member in combat. Although misconstrued with the Soldier’s Creed, it is only four lines and focuses on the mission, the individual, and the team. Leadership and the encouragement of the team is the epitome of the Warrior Ethos. Using the ethos in everyday activities is stressed throughout all levels of command and through every phases of military schooling. By taking care of military personnel, whether delivering logistics, providing medical care, or administrative paperwork, leaders ensure the inclusion of the ethos. 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The Health Benefits of Yoga Essay - 1186 Words

Yoga is a practice that anyone of any age can complete anywhere at anytime. It originated in ancient India and is estimated to be nearly five thousand years old. Through yoga, one is able to find his or her path to peaceful bliss within him or her self (Finney 25). The mind and the body become balanced with each other, giving one the sense of enlightenment (The Magic of...Meditation). Depending on the styles and poses a person is to choose, yoga benefits a person not only physically, but mentally as well. Any gender at any age or health level has the capability to do yoga because it has various styles, poses, and tempos at which they are performed. Different yoga postures have specific effects on breaking up obstacles in your body, so†¦show more content†¦Bikram is similar to Desikachar, Sivananda, and Viniyoga because they all solely relate to breath and meditation. The difference between all of these styles, are the postures, the practices of breathing, and the diets assoc iated with each type (Cook). Some perceive yoga to be a connection to Buddha, spirits, or the devil, but yoga is only that, if that is what he or she wants it to be. If people are very religious, and they are wanting to use yoga as an offering or praise to their God, they should do Bhakti yoga . To do Bhakti yoga, all that is required is love. While doing so, one prays, sings, or chants to his or her God expressing love, gratitude, or hopes (Finney 38). Hatha yoga is one of the most common, renowned yoga. It’s said to be meditation of the physical body. When Hatha yoga was being developed, the creators’ ultimate goal was to gain control of the mind (Finney 24). It was not an easy task though. Yoga guru, Holiness Sri Swami Satchidananda once said, â€Å"It is easier to control a drunk monkey that has been stung by a scorpion than it is to control the mind† (Finney 22). 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Aids in the thrid world country Essay Example For Students

Aids in the thrid world country Essay In 2004 circa 95 thousand people died in Latin America. Cause of death? In a world of today where there is an abundance of bloodshed and carnage, surprisingly violence is not the primary cause of death but AIDS is. Having taken health classes for over five years, HIV/AIDS and STDs were not new or surprising. I became apathetic and impassive to such related issues. It seemed like something distant and remote that would never happen to me. But then a startling news article that stated in large bold letters, Brazil houses one-third of the carriers of the HIV virus in Latin America caught my attention. In the article it stated that in 2004, circa 95 thousand people died of Aids in Latin America and there were 240 thousand new people diagnosed with HIV. This daunting article was a revelation. It awoke me from the beautiful and hygienic fairy-tale world I was in and dropped me into arms of the real world, where AIDS and STDs are not that remote and it could happen to anyone. In Latin Ameri ca out of the 400 million inhabitants nearly 1.7 million are carriers of the virus that causes AIDS. This incurable deadly virus is spreading in a frightening manner. People diagnosed with HIV are increasing by 25% each year in Latin America. The cause is due to ignorance. People tend to believe that only homosexuals are affected by the virus. What they are unaware of is that HIV is caused by exchange in blood, semen, or other bodily fluids. Therefore everyone is susceptible to the virus, primarily consumers of injectable drugs and people that have multiple sex partners and those that dont use protection during the act of intercourse. This issue is important, firstly because a third of the carriers of the virus live where I live. Consequently it made me more conscious and aware of the environment I live in and it also made me a more grateful person. Secondly it is a serious issue that is burgeoning and if not contained could in the long run expunge a large population of people in La tin America. Immediate containment of the virus is imperative. In order to reduce the spread of the virus most importantly people should become educated and conscious of the virus. In a country where a large portion of the population is from the lower class not many people received proper sex education consequently public awareness of this issue is low if almost negligible. Therefore there should be government sponsored programs and ads which teach the general public about this issue and methods of prevention. In addition the government should provide medications for people diagnosed with HIV, especially to those who are from the lower class. Finally the government should provide HIV tests to people, especially pregnant women in order to prevent transmission from mother to son, and also provide treatment to the mother and new born if infected especially to those from the lower class.

Sociology of the Family Steve Nock In Focus Essay Example

Sociology of the Family: Steve Nock In Focus Essay We hear a good deal nowadays about the crisis of the American family and even its impending death. The state of marriage has become severely weakened in Western nations over the past decades. Divorce, the postponement of marriage, a rise in the proportion of the never-married, an increase in non-marital cohabitation, and the ready availability of contraception are forces that have eroded the family and compromised its ultimate function, the licensing of reproduction. The American family has held on, and many believe actually flourished. Some population experts say that families are back in style. And some sociologists insist that the family is a timeless entity, rooted in our social and animal nature. However, since society is always changing, the family, as the basic unit of this larger entity, must change to reflect this fact. As viewed from the family reorganization perspective, marriage and the family are changing to reflect personal lifestyle choices available in today’s society. Accordingly the family is not only a resilient institution; it is a durable feature of the human experience. Steve L. Nock’s opus Marriage As A Public Issue described this phenomenon in the shape of the myth of the model family. We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology of the Family: Steve Nock In Focus specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology of the Family: Steve Nock In Focus specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology of the Family: Steve Nock In Focus specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Nock touches on the laments about the condition of the family imply that at an earlier time in history the family was more stable and harmonious that it currently is. Yet, despite massive research, historians have not located a golden age of the family. He contends that the marriages of the ancient times were based on family and property needs, not on choice by affection. Families were often devastated by desertion and death. She views the family as an institution in difficulty and cite many signs that they take as evidence of decay and disintegration: Loveless marriages and increasing remarriage cases, the tyranny of husbands, high death rates, and the beating and abuse of children are up to a grim image. And she holds ancient Christianity accountable for this paradoxically antifamilial phenomenon. Nock believes that the really critical event in an individual’s life centers on moving into a relationship marked by intimacy, commitment, and love. It is true that far more marriages break up today than in the past. The divorce rate has increased eightfold since the early part of the century, to the point where millions of Americans go through marriage counseling and divorce courts every year. As well, Nock suggests that family violence, and domestic abuse are much more common than most Americans had suspected. The expression coming out of the closet is an apt one when applied to battered women and victims of abuse and sexual coercion. They have been as reluctant as gay persons have been to reveal their sexual preferences. Traditionally, they have attempted to keep the indignities they have experienced locked inside the family home. Family or domestic violence includes the use or threat of physical force or restraint carried out with intent of causing pain or injury to a family member, and consist of pushing, shoving, slapping, kicking, biting, hitting with fists, hitting or trying to hit with an object, beatings, and threat or use of a weapon. Although both men and women engage in violence, men typically do more damage than their female partners. Women are affected by violence the most, in that their mental and physical health suffers in violent relationships where they are in more danger of killing or being killed by their partners. Some men find it easier to control the weaker members of the family by force because it does not require negotiation or interpersonal skills. This way, Nock proves that men really take all the advantageous aspects of a marriage. Women put up with battering for a variety of reasons. For one thing, the fewer the resources as wife has in the way of education or job skills, the more vulnerable she is in the marriage. For another, Americans place the burden of achieving ideal family picture or at the least, family harmony on women, with the implication that they have failed if the marriage disintegrates. From a cultural perspective, as maintained by English social principle, women were regarded as chattel; initially, as possessions of their fathers, and afterward of their spouses. Moreover, many women become entrapped in abusive relationships, a process whereby they escalate their commitment to a previously chosen but failing course of action in order to justify of make good on their prior investments. That the women come to believe that they have too much invested to quit. Finally, the more a wife was abused by her parents and witnessed violence in her childhood home, the more likely she is to remain with an abusive husband. Nock says that the mothers in incestuous families are commonly passive, have a poor self-image, and are overly dependent on their husbands, much the same traits found among battered wives. The victims of molestation are usually shamed or terrified into treating the experience as a dirty secret. The sexual abuse of children often leads to behavioral problems, learning difficulties, sexual promiscuity, runaway behavior, drug and alcohol abuse, gastrointestinal and genitourinary complaints, compulsive rituals, clinical depression, low self-esteem, and suicidal behavior. In the modern age, the matters of family violence and domestic abuse have emerged as major issues. Even so, considerable ambivalence still exists on these subjects. Much needs to be done to assist the victims, if not to save the model family. Should the trend continue, industrial societies will be impaired because they will not replace themselves. As well, the changing roles of American men and women have also reduced the benefits of marriage, increasingly separating marriage from sexual behavior and making parenthood simply an option. Like many Americans, Steve Nock similarly shares a concern about the directions in which family life has been moving in recent decades. They view the family as an institution in difficulty and cite many signs that they take as evidence of decay and disintegration. Indisputably, Marriage As A Public Issue tells that the meaning of marriage has been changing and with it the family institution. But pronouncements concerning the death of the family, or at least its impending doom, seem greatly exaggerated. While its obituary continues to be written, the myth of the model family still has to find if it will have a happy ending or tortuous development throughout American history. In the interim, the troubled family and an outsider will have to work together to help the former perceive what is happening between them that is creating problems for one or more of the members. The focus is on altering the spaces between people and their relationships, rather than on changing the processes within maladjusted individuals so as to irrationally piece together a picture-perfect model family. True, gender roles probably represent the earliest division of labor among human beings. Consequently, we are all born into societies with well-established cultural guidelines for the behavior of men and women. In any society, they emphasize monogamy in relationships. Steve Nock expounds that in order to achieve maturity, people have to go through the rite of passage through matrimony. As part of the life cycle, successful marriages determine an assured good afterlife while unsuccessful ones a guaranteed loss in the spiritual realm. Sexual inequality has been sustained historically by assigning the economic provider role to men and the childbearing role to women. In contrast, contends Nock, if a man did not contribute what a woman felt to be his fair share of the housework, the relationship was not usually jeopardized. If put against the metaphor of the chopsticks, this reality will prove inequitable in the American society. Figuratively speaking, if chopsticks will not work together as a pair, the entire universe will not even turn out manageable. Families, villages, and the society as a whole will lose grip on the sense of balance epitomized by male and female roles. American men seemed preoccupied with dominance and power. In fact, they could take pleasure in their partner’s success only if it was not superior to their own. In contrast, women were found to be happier and relationships were more stable when the male partners were ambitious and successful. Most married couples pooled their money. However, regardless of how much the wife earned, they measured their financial success by the husband’s income only. Most of the married couples had sexual relations at least once a week. People who had sex infrequently were just as likely to have a long-lasting relationship as those who had sex often. While couples were happier when the opportunity to initiate and refuse sex was shared equally by the partners, in more than half of the cases the husbands were still the primary initiators. But whereas the women tended to link sex and love, men often did not. Less than a third of the couples engaged in extramarital activities. Husbands were more often repeatedly unfaithful than wives, but their transgressions did not necessarily represent dissatisfaction with either their partner or the relationship as a whole. Women, in contrast, often strayed just once, mostly out of curiosity; but for them, infidelity was more likely to blossom into a full-fledged love affair. According to Nock, women were more likely than men to say they were the emotional caretakers of the family, although almost majority of the men indicated that they focused more on their marriage than they did on their work. In about a quarter of the marriages, both partners claimed they were relationship-centered. Furthermore, Marriage As A Public Issue also tackles the obstructions that women had to deal with whenever they make introspective evaluation of themselves and see in their husbands’ shadows the genuine picture of themselves revealed back to them. The imagery of women is depicted as a frustrated segment of the society that is stuck on the long-term customs and habits women are obliged to undertake day in day out, even if it goes to a sadistic extent. Indeed, husbands so objected to doing housework that the more they did of it, the more unhappy they were, the more they argued with their wives, and the greater were the chances the couple would divorce. Divorced mothers with teenage sons find their situation particularly stressful, in part because they have greater difficulty establishing control and authority. Financial problems complicate the difficulties of many women. Only half of divorced mothers receive any money at all from their children’s fathers, and this is seldom much. The states began formalizing laws to help children whose parents lacked the financial means to care for their physical needs. Local governments often provided the funds for these programs. These programs were intended to help children whose fathers were deceased; sometimes assistance was also provided to children whose fathers were disabled or absent through divorce or desertion. These early programs were called mothers’ aid or mothers’ pensions. Proving that men are really at the favored side even at the aftermath of a marriage, children are usually left to the lone custody of the mother. Being a single mother of several children requires making sacrifices. Many single-parent mothers whine of a lack of free time, spiraling child-care costs, loneliness, and unrelenting pressures associated with the dual demands of home and job. Although many women do not choose single parenting, most are proud of their ability to survive under adverse circumstances. On the other hand, and looking from the minority single fathers’ perspectives, single fathers also encounter many of the same problems. Juggling work and childcare poses a good deal of difficulty, especially for fathers with preschool youngsters. Many fathers first attempt to have someone come into their homes and care for the children there while they are at work. But the vast majority finds that this arrangement does not work out. Many fathers then gravitate toward daycare centers and nursery schools where they feel that the staff has a professional commitment to children. Experiences of deception, betrayal, aggression, codependence, and breakup forcefully remind us that communication can be a very difficult and risky business in the American society. the negative patterns of communication constructed by relational partners are the result of imbalances in the dialectical tensions in a relationship. One dialectical tension is that people need both autonomy as separate individuals and intimacy with others. In this case, the other chopstick either wants to have a better mate or to be alone. In other societies like China, if the co-headship of the husband and wife renders imbalanced, cultural villages as that of Lahu might gradually perish. Unfortunately, the image we gain from the non-Lahu theories is one of essentially passive individuals who are programmed for behavior by adult bearers of culture. Children are given cues to their gender roles in a great variety of ways. Parents often furnish boys’ and girls’ rooms differently, decorating those of boys with animal motifs and those of girls with floral motifs, lace, fringe, and ruffles. Steve Nock proves there is nothing wrong with this divisive definition of gender roles. However, the complementary companionship of the two should precede, prevail and even push the marriage until after physical death. Once the children start elementary school, fathers usually allow them to stay alone after school. Many single fathers report that their greatest difficulty in making the transition to single parenthood is losing their wife’s help and companionship; they say that it is more difficult for them to become single than to become a single parent. Overall, the single father is neither the extraordinary human nor the bumbling Mr. Mom depicted in many popular stereotypes. Indeed, marriage is a partnership born out of love, founded on thought-out goals, and sustained through procreation. With such â€Å"heavy and big concepts,† no doubt mature conduct should be a pre-requisite and a growing footing in such a relationship. Even before Steve Nock prophesied the family myth, back in the day, the myth against women was already developing when educators of the Medieval and Enlightenment periods started to worry about the strength and character of the American family. In colonial and frontier times people expressed anxiety about the disruption of family life. And in the 19th and early 20th centuries, worry about the family was cloaked in recurrent public hysteria regarding the peril posed to the nation’s Anglo-American institutions by the arrival of immigrant groups with alien cultures. In sum, the model family question despite its many guises, is not new. So, given the lesson of history and the certainty that families will continue to adapt in unforeseen ways, it is safe to assume that debate will continue.

Lifespan Development and Personality Essays

Lifespan Development and Personality Essays Lifespan Development and Personality Essay Lifespan Development and Personality Essay Lifespan Development and Personality By Denise Isaac Carroll Lytch Psych 103 April 28, 2010 Developmental psychology seeks to address various aspects of human development, including physical, cognitive, social, moral, and personality development. In developmental psychology the debate about nature versus nurture, continuity versus stages, and stability versus change are still ongoing. According to the nature position, human behavior and development are governed by automatic, genetically predetermined signals in a process known as maturation. Humans crawl before we walk and walk before we run. One of several critical periods during our lifetime is, when an organism is especially sensitive to certain experiences that shape the capacity for future development. On the other side of the debate, those who hold an extreme nuturist position argue that development occurs by learning through personal experience and observation of others. Continuity proponents believe that development is continuous, with new abilities, skills, and knowledge being gradually added at a relatively uniform pace. Therefore, the continuity model suggests that adult thinking and intelligence differ quantitatively from a childs. Stage theorists, on the other hand, believe that development occurs at different rates, alternating between periods of little change and periods of abrupt, rapid change. Psychologists who emphasize stability in development hold that measurements of personality taken during childhood are important predictors of adult personality. Of course, psychologists who emphasize change disagree. Like the nature versus nurture debate, the debates about continuity versus stages and stability versus change are not a matter of â€Å"either-or. Physical development and motor skills, for example, are believed to be primarily continuous in nature, whereas cognitive skills usually develop in discrete stages. Similarly, some traits are stable, whereas others vary greatly across the life span. The physical development in childhood is rapid, the brain and other parts of the nervous system grows faster than any other part of the body. By age 6, the child’s brain is 9/10 its full adult weight. Rapid brain growth during early childhood slows down in later childhood. Further brain development and learning occur primarily because neurons grow in size and because the number of axons and dendrites, as well as the extent of their connections, increases. Adolescence is the loosely defined psychological period of development between childhood and adulthood. We consider it to be the teenage years. The concept of adolescence and its meaning varies greatly across cultures. Cognitive development for childhood age 2 – 7 is known as preoperational and has the ability for significant language and thinks symbolically. Piaget labeled this period â€Å"preoperational† because the child lacks operations, or reversible mental processes. Children at this stage have difficulty understanding that there are points of view other than their own. Egocentrism refers to the preoperational childs limited ability to distinguish between his or her own perspective and someone elses. It does not mean â€Å"selfishness† in the ordinary sense of the word. The preschooler who moves in front of you to get a better view of the TV or repeatedly asks questions while you are talking on the telephone is demonstrating egocentrism. They assume that others see, hear, feel, and think exactly as they do. Children in the preoperational stage believe that objects such as the sun, trees, clouds, and bars of soap have motives, feelings, and intentions. From age 7 – 11 it is known as concrete operational and has the ability to perform operation on concrete objects and understands conservation. Because they understand the concept of reversibility, they recognize that certain physical attributes such as volume remain unchanged when the outward appearance of an object is altered, a process known as conservation. The final stage in Piagets theory is the formal operational stage, which typically begins around age 11. In this stage, children begin to apply their operations to abstract concepts in addition to concrete objects. They also become capable of hypothetical thinking â€Å"What if? † which allows systematic formulation and testing of concepts. Along with the benefits of this cognitive style come several problems. Adolescents in the early stages of the formal operational period demonstrate a type of egocentrism different from that of the preoperational child. Although adolescents recognize that others have unique thoughts and perspectives, they often fail to differentiate between what they are thinking and what others are thinking. Social behavior becomes more evident in childhood, and research shows that children raised in impersonal surroundings such as in institutions that do not provide the stimulation and love of a regular caregiver or under abusive conditions suffer from a number of problems. They become rigid when picked up; and they have few language skills. They also tend to form shallow or anxious relationships. Some appear forlorn, withdrawn, and uninterested in their caretakers, whereas others seem insatiable in their need for affection. They also tend to show intellectual, physical, and perceptual retardation; increased susceptibility to infection; and neurotic â€Å"rocking† and isolation behaviors. In some cases, they die from lack of attachment. Morals at the childhood stage are considered to be a focus on self-interest, obedience to authority and avoidance of punishment. Because they also have difficulty considering anothers point of view, they ignore peoples intentions in their moral judgments. Children in their childhood also become aware of others perspectives, but their morality is based on reciprocity, an equal exchange of favors. Preschoolers learn to initiate activities and enjoy their accomplishments. Caregivers who are supportive and encouraging promote feelings of power and self-confidence versus guilt. Elementary school-aged children develop a sense of industry and learn productive skills that their culture requires, such as reading, writing, and counting; if not, they feel inferior. Personality describes you as a person, how you are different from other people, and what patterns of behavior are typical of you. There are five basic personality traits. These five major dimensions of personality are often dubbed the Big Five. To remember the five factors is to note that the first letters of each of the five-factor model spell the word ocean. O  Ã‚  | Openness. People who rate high in this factor are original, imaginative, curious, open to new ideas, artistic, and interested in cultural pursuits. Low scorers tend to be conventional, down-to-earth, narrower in their interests, and not artistic. Interestingly, critical thinkers tend to score higher than others on this factor (Clifford, Boufal, Kurtz, 12. 18). | | C  Ã‚  | Conscientiousness. This factor ranges from responsible, self-disciplined, organized, and achieving at the high end to irresponsible, careless, impulsive, lazy, and undependable at the other. | | E  Ã‚  | Extroversion. This factor contrasts people who are sociable, outgoing, talkative, fun loving, and affectionate at the high end with introverted individuals who tend to be withdrawn, quiet, passive, and reserved at the low end. | A  Ã‚  | Agreeableness. Individuals who score high in this factor are good-natured, warm, gentle, cooperative, trusting, and helpful, whereas low scorers are irritable, argumentative, ruthless, suspicious, uncooperative, and vindictive. | | N  Ã‚  | Neuroticism (or emotional stability). People who score high in neuroticism are emotionally unstable and prone to insecurity, anxiety, guilt, worry, and moodiness. People at the other end are emotionally stable, calm, even-tempered, easygoing, and relax. | The five-factor model is the first to achieve the major goal of trait theory, to describe and organize personality characteristics using the fewest number of traits. Critics argue, however, that the great variation seen in personalities cannot be accounted for by only five traits and that the Big Five model fails to offer causal explanations for these traits. Finally, trait theorists have been criticized for ignoring the importance of situational and environmental effects on personality. Numerous methods have been used over the decades to assess personality. Modern personality assessments are used by clinical and counseling psychologists, psychiatrists, and others for diagnosing psychotherapy patients and for assessing their progress in therapy. Personality assessment is also used for educational and vocational counseling and to aid businesses in making hiring decisions. Personality assessments can be grouped into a few broad categories: interviews, observations, objective tests, and projective tests. Objective personality tests, or inventories, are the most widely used method of assessing personality, for two reasons. They can be administered to a large number of people relatively quickly and the tests can be evaluated in a standardized fashion. Unlike objective tests, projective tests use unstructured stimuli that can be perceived in many ways. As the name implies, projective tests supposedly allow each person to project his or her own unconscious conflicts, psychological defenses, motives, and personality traits onto the test materials. Because respondents are unable or unwilling to express their true feelings if asked directly, the ambiguous stimuli reportedly provide an indirect â€Å"psychological X-ray† of important unconscious processes. As you can see, each of these methods has its limits. Psychologists typically combine the results from various methods to create a full picture of an individuals personality. After all the tests and all the studies, are mind, body and soul will always be one step away from being a mystery. References http://e-courses. cerritos. edu writerscafe. org brainmass. com runet. edu

HR Alignment Part II Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

HR Alignment Part II - Assignment Example th the organization’s business objectives, the very first step that leaders of any organization has to take will have to do with selecting the right goals and objectives for the organization. I say this with experience from my previous workplace where a failure to set the right business objectives led to a situation where there was human resource alignment alright but the outcome of it was not successful. This was because the employees were pursuing something that was not suitable for the organization. I really admire the approach you took to addressing the benefits of assessing HR alignment when you indicated that you can only manage what you measure. The indication that this gives is that before HR managers can even think about gaining from the benefits of the alignment process, they have to get a means by which they can measure the HR alignment process (Becker,   Huselid & Ulrich, 2001). I would therefore use an example with my current organization to suggest how this can be done for any real world organization. In our organization, an integrate metric has been used that seeks to measure the business goals separately, after which it measures the HR performance also separately. After this is done, the two measures are integrated to know how any successes or flaws with the business goals can be associated with the HR responsibilities. With this approach, it is possible to have the HR as an agent of change because when any elements of failure are identified, the HR is called upo n to change its approach to work as a way of fixing

New York Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

New York - Essay Example Beginning of 1920s and dawn of 1930s marked great advances in the history of the music history. Phonograph record converted into the fundamental method of disseminating music. Music industry who was so keen to discover various ways of making profit realized that the piano rolls, record and sheet music can all be merged together. However, jazz music appeared while all of the discoveries were made. Jazz was originally founded in New Orleans, early in 1900s. As the opportunities for employment increased, both white and black moved towards New Orleans. Most of the musicians were given opportunities to work in small dance halls, ballrooms and cabarets. (1) The early players of jazz mostly used to play as solo pianists or in small bands. Apart from marches and ragtime, it included all types of blues and popular dance music. Often, bands used to play in parades, funerals, picnics etc. However, ragtime and blues has before raised jazz and sustained to remain in the scenario alongside to it. It had also influences the style of jazz and provided important vehicles for its improvement. In New York, during 1920s, a variety of jazz musicians appeared on the scene. Though, at the time, the lead voices were using most responsible for stating melody such as horns and ensembles. Louis Armstrong, one of the biggest jazz musicians ever widened the range of the music. He was a dazzling improviser. Armstrong along with other musicians of his generation changed the layout of jazz by bringing soloist in front of the public. Although, in his recording groups therefore the hot seven or the hot five displayed that creativeness of jazz could go far beyond piece of music. Hence, he created some innovative melodies supported by the chords of the initial song. Louis Armstrong also established a standard for the jazz singers, not due to the alteration of melodies but also by improvising without lyrics

Ancient Greek Theatre Essay Example for Free

Ancient Greek Theatre Essay The Greek theatre history begins with festivals which honor gods. An example of such a festival was ‘City Dionysia’ festival which honored god Dionysus. During this festival, which was taking place in Athens men perform songs to welcome god Dionysus. Plays were also presented. Athens was the main city where these festivals and theatrical traditions were presented. At ancient Greek Festivals, the actors, directors and dramatists were all the same person. Later only three actors were allowed to perform in each play. And this was followed by adding few non-speaking roles to perform on-stage. Because of the limited number of actors, the chorus played a very active part of Greek theater. During the chorus’ delivery of its lines music was often played. The theatrical forms of the ancient Greek theater were tragedy, comedy and satyr. Athenian tragedy, comedy and satyr plays were some of the earliest theatrical forms to emerge in the world. Greek theater and plays have had a lasting impact on Western drama and culture. Satyr plays dealt with mythological subject in comic manner. Tragedy had as an originator, Thespis, who is considered to be the first Greek actor of tragedy plays. Aristotle’s Poetics say that tragedy originates from dithyrambs which were songs sung in praise of Dionysus at the Dionysia each year. Sophocles, Euripides and Aeschylus were three well-known Greek tragedy playwrights. The structure of Greek tragedy consisted of the following: 1. Late point of attack 2. Violence and death offstage 3. Frequent use of messengers to relate information 4. Usually continuous time of action 5. Usually single place 6. Stories based on myth or history 7. Focus on psychological and ethical attributes of characters Comedy plays were derived from imitation. Aristophanes wrote most of the comedy plays. The structure of the comedy consisted of two parts. Part one had the prolog, where chous gives debate or ‘agon’ and parabasis, a choral ode addressing the audience, in which a social or political problem is discussed. Part two consists of scenes which show the result of the happy idea. Theatre buildings were called a theatron. They were large, open-air structures constructed on the slopes of hills. Most of the Greek theatres were constructed in such a way so that the smallest sound could be transmitted to any seat of the audience. They consisted of four main parts: the orchestra, the skene and the audience (theatron) and the parodos. The orchestra was a large area at the center part of the theatre normally circular. It was there where play, dance and acting took place. The earliest orchestras were simply made of hard earth but later in the Classical period some orchestras began to be made of marble and other materials. The orchestra of the theater of Dionysus in Athens was about 60 feet in diameter. The skene was a large building behind the orchestra which was used as a backstage. It was the place where actors change their costumes and masks. It was usually decorated as a palace, temple or other building, depending on the needs of the play. The audience (theatron) was where people were sitting to enjoy the play and it was in the front of the orchestra. It was usually part of hillside overlooking the orchestra. People in the fifth century BC probably sat on cushions or boards but by the fourth century many Greek theaters had marble seats. The parodos were the passageways by which the chorus and some actors made their entrances and exits. The audience also used them to enter and exit the theater before and after the performance. The two masks of the picture represent the symbols for theater. They represent the comedy and tragedy masks which were worn in ancient Greece. They also represent duality. Actors were very far away from the audience that without the aid of costumes and masks they would be difficult to see. Actors wore thick boots to add to their height and gloves to exaggerate their hanks so that their movements would be easy to see by the audience. The masks were made of linen or cork, so none have survived. We however know that they looked like from statues and paintings of ancient Greek actors. Tragic masks carried mournful or pained expressions, while comic masks were smiling. The head of the actor was covered by his mask, which included hair. It is believed that the shape of the mask amplified the actor’s voice, making his words easier for the audience to hear. This mask is associated with the famous ancient

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Accounting is used as a tools to inform investors and other stakeholders about management’s performance. However, accounting standards permits management to use judgment in financial reporting methods for some accounts as they have best knowledge of its business so it can choose accounting alternatives that suit their business. With ability to choose its preferable reporting methods, estimates and disclosure, this flexibility creates opportunity for managers to distort earnings in which they adopt accounting methods that do not truly reflect firms’ financial status (Healy and Wahlen, 1999). In addition, due to the fact that management has better access to firms’ business transactions and operations than stakeholders do and auditing and monitoring system are not always effective, these lead to an information asymmetry problem which increases earnings management opportunity. For example, they can alter some information and do not disclose all the information to the stakeholders. This essay will first describe the definition of earnings management and its evolution. Then, the proxies used to detect earnings management will be illustrated. Next, the motives for earnings management and its effect on financial reporting process will be discussed. Subsequently, it will turn to the impact of debt financing on earnings management. Finally, this paper will examine the factors that may constrain the degree of earnings management. Definition of earnings management and its evolution Many researchers has given different earnings management definitions. For instance, Healy and Wahlen (1999,p.368) states that ‘Earnings management occurs when managers use judgment in financial reporting and in structuring transactions to alter financial repor... ...orts (Houqe et al., 2012) Also, the adaptation of widely-used accounting standards, for example, IFRS, may help prevent management from manipulating financial information and, therefore, improve the quality of earnings because such standards require managers to provide a true and fair view of its report and may help reduce the earnings management activities. Houqe et al. (2012) conclude that the adoption of mandatory IFRS increases the quality of earnings in the countries that provide strong protection for investors. However, there is some controversy if accounting standards would reduce earnings management. Tendeloo and Vanstraelen (2005, cited in Houqe et al., 2012) and Lin and Paananen (2009, cited in Houqe et al., 2012) find that after adopting IFRS, firms in Germany recorded more discretionary accruals and those accruals are lowly-correlated with cash flows.

Psychological review Essay

This interesting movie had many twist and turns that always kept you on the edge of your seat. The mysterious ending could have been interrupted in a variety of different views depending on the person watching the movie. The psychological role of the movie was tremendous, with patients ranging from paranoid schizophrenia to multiple personality disorders. The patients in the Manhattan Institute are suffering from various different disorders. The patient Prot was a delusional person that also suffered from PTSD. He thinks he’s from another planet, and many other of the patients are starting to believe him. Bess is another patient that is in a state of depression called paraiod schizophrenia and psychotic depression. Maria is a patient that is suffering from Multiple Personality Order. Her personalities vary form one to another. Howie is a patient that is on tranquilizers, and he has a desire for perfection. He spends most his time reading dictionaries and encyclopedias which enables him in his mind to speak without any mistakes. Prot is to be said from another planet, K-Pax. The evidence that is supporting his statement would be numerous events in the movie. First, he gave an entire map of his solar system and the exact coordinates. It was an amazing discovery that no other astronomer has yet discovered in our time. Next would be when the scientist said that Prot could see ultraviolet light, no human being can see this light. Also when Prot talked to the doctor’s dog about the kids sneaking up on the dog that the dog did not like that and the dog told him that which he talked to the kids about not sneaking up on the dog from the left side because he was hard of hearing in that ear. Prot said that he was going on a trip to Iceland and Greenland. The doctor didn’t believe him but Prot was missing for a couple of days. When he said he was going back to his planet at that exact time and date, a light came into the room and messed up all the security systems. Also Bess was missing because he said he was going to take one person back with him. After this incident Prot didn’t have to wear his sunglasses, and didn’t talk at all. All of the other patients didn’t recognize him at all. Also where Robert Potter lived near Roswell, New Mexico, which is a place where aliens have been spotted. Also after Robert killed the rapist and murderer he went down to kill himself in the river. The movie never really gives you the exact answer you are looking for as far as if he was an alien or not, it leaves the viewer to determine their own answer. All in All, k-pax is still one of my favorite movies just because of the psychological elements behind it.

Synthesis Essay - 1782 Words

Megan Garber Professor Keltner Composition 1 3 November 2013 The Ways Media Portrays Women Throughout today’s society, media contributes to almost everyone’s daily life. From informative news channels to comical television shows, media proves to be effective in advertisement, releasing messages and informing the audience. Although media proves to be wildly effective in advertising, releasing messages and informing the audience, periodically destructive and misleading messages are provided to the audience and directly influencing women. Cultural critics widely agree that media tends to negatively influence women and all the critics point to research which supports the belief that women are portrayed as subordinate to men, having no†¦show more content†¦Siering states this in her article as she is breaking down female sexuality in the novel, Twilight. The simple fact in her statement is that Bella cannot resist Edward and cannot control her sexuality and lust for him. Both Siering and Kilbourne relate to each other through different forms of writing by implicitly agreeing that media portrays women as if they cannot make their own decisions and that women have no self control. Although the media generates the idea that women have no self control, the media also provokes the misleading idea that women have no self confidence in themselves. Through the various messages and ideas that advertisement, television shows, cartoons and even books sell- women tend to lose self confidence in themselves, but the media tends to send the message that women already have no self confidence. In â€Å"Love My Neighbors, Hate Myself: The Vicissitudes of Affect in Cosmetic Surgery,† Virginia Blum opens up her articles with an observation about the sudden rise in the number of popular television shows about plastic surgery and the shift of increasing numbers of women that receive plastic surgery. In her article regarding the reasons women desire plastic surgery, Blum states, â€Å"...certain conventional cultural values had to be recruited on behalf of representing these surgeries not as vain and superficial but as a route toward glowing self improvement, not as acts of self-Show MoreRelatedSynthesis Essay : 25 Di ( 2h 1886 Words   |  4 Pages4-d]thiazoles and antimicrobial activity. INTRODUCTION Benzothiazoles are heterocyclic compounds with multiple application and although they have been known from long ago to be biologically active.1-3 Recently, Racane et al4 have described the synthesis of bis-subsituted amidinobenzothiazoles as potential anti-HIV agents. 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